الخلاصة:
ABSTRACT
Deep foundation such as piles adopt in case of weak soil or when type
of soil in the site not capable to resists the external loadings from
superstructure or collapsible soil. Types of external loads that the pile can
sustain such as compression, tension or lateral load reflects on the design of
pile and on the real behavior of soil-structure interaction. Many piles
designed to resists compression loads only but in specific places such piles
subjected to tension load due to lateral external loads such as wind or
earthquake loadings. Another place that the piles subjected to tensile load is
in case of the piles distributed under the towers, in this case not only sustain
loads but also make the towers more stable.
Many researchers investigated the behavior of piles embedded in sand
or clay and subjected to axial and lateral loads, but little studies concerned
on the behavior of pile in collapsible soils such as gypseous soil. This type
of soil has capable to support the external load from superstructure in case
of dry condition due to the existence of gypsum which strengthens the soil
structure. Many problems appear when water flows through its particles due
to the dissolution of gypsum inside the soil skeleton. This dissolution leads
to form cavities in the soil structure and this causes many problems such as
settlement, tilting, etc. for the structures.
