Role of Cyclin D1 in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis C infection is often asymptomatic but chronic infection with hepatitis C virus is associated with an increased risk for the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Objective: To assess the expression of cyclin D1 in liver tissues of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus and related with different parameters such as gender, age, stage of fibrosis and histological active index. Patients and Methods: Twenty one formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded liver tissue blocks were included (16 males and 5 females), age range (15-60) years. They were collected from the archives of histopathology laboratories of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, the present study done in department of Microbiology – College of Medicine – University of Diyala during the period from 1st August 2014 till 1st March 2015. All the samples are related to the period between 2009 to 2012. Histopathological sections were made for these liver biopsies and stained by hematoxylin and eosin stain for definitive diagnosis. The molecular detection of cyclin D1 in those tissue blocks were performed by using immunohistochemistry. Results: Distribution of 21 patients with chronic active hepatitis diagnosed by 3rd generation enzyme linked immunosorbant assay revealed that 16 were males are higher (76.19%) than females 5(23.8%). The mean age was 38 years, most infection occurs within age group 31-45 years. The majority of the liver cases were diagnosed to have histological active index was 5/18 total number was 10 cases. Among liver tissues, 5 out of 21 (23.8%) showed 1/6 and 2/6 stage of fibrosis. Expression of cycline D1 demonstrated that 16 cases was positive while 5 was negative. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between expression of cycline D1 and age, grade, HAI, but not significant with stage of fibrosis. Conclusion: Cyclin D1 play important role in development and progression of hepatitis C virus, these findings support the concept that the cell cycle regulation may play a role in initiation and development of hepatocellular carcinoma; need to be confirmed by further large scale studies.