Evaluating the Water Treatment Efficiency of the Plant Sewage in the Tuz Khurmatu District

Abstract

he research includes a study of evaluating the treatment efficiency of the sewage plant in the Tuz Khurmatu district during the period from September 2020 to July 2021. Three study sites have been selected. The study includes measuring certain physicochemical and biological properties of water (the biological properties include studying the quality of algae). As for the physicochemical properties, they include measuring (air and water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen requirement (BOD5), active phosphate and active silicates).

The results found that air temperature ranges between 12- 49°C, while the water temperature ranges between 9- 40°C. The pH values ​​have a wide range during the months of the study ranging between 6.20 - 8.45. The values ​​of the dissolved oxygen range between 1.25-3.10 mg/L, and the values ​​of the biological requirement for oxygen range between 19.2- 47.2mg/L. The study also shows that the wastewater during the study period is of a light basicity in which bicarbonate ions prevail. Nutrient concentrations fluctuate depending on the nature of the site and the date of sample collection, as the effective phosphate ranges between 2.32-7.76 mg phosphorous-phosphate/liter. As for the silicate values, they range between 0.38- 6.61 mg atom of silicon - silica / liter.

As for the biological study of the type of algae, four phyla, four class, nine orders, ten families and fourteen genus are diagnosed. Algae belonging to the class Diatoms are the dominant among the studied taxa, which belong to the genus Cyclotella, Caloneis, Navicula, Nitizchia and Cymbella. As for Green algae they are of the genus Scenedesmus dimorphus, Closterium moniliferum, and Microspora, Cosmarium, while for the Blue-green algae they are Chroococcus, Nostoc, Spirulina laxissima, Oscillatoria, and for the Euglena algae they are of the genus Euglena. Seasonal variations in the numbers of phytoplankton are also observed during the current study. The results of the statistical analysis using the analysis of variance show that there are significant temporal differences for all factors (at the level of significance p≥0.05), and there are significant local differences except for air and water temperature and the vital requirement for oxygen