The Aggregation and Segregation in Wild Plants at Degradation Environment at Muradia, Baquba, Iraq

Abstract

The study was conducted in October to November 2015 at the neglected and degradation area at the University of Diyala of abandoned spaces, without planting or building between Science and Agriculture Colleges, about 2500m2. Soil were bulldozed and paved dirt road in its. In this degradation area were found 17 wild plant species belonging to 10 families, (5 species are Poaceae, and 2 species are Fabiaceae). Chosen. 9 species as target plants, because they relatively abundance. The targets plants were: Alhagi graecorium, Capparis spinosa, Cynodon dactylon, Imperata cylindrica, Lycium shawii, Phragmites australis, Prosopis farcta, Shanginia aegyptica, and Sorghum halepanse. Those individuals species plant were taken at central of quadrates for six replicates, in 100cm radius, which record all the species within four regions, 25, 50, 75, and 100 cm. The results showed that A. graecorium, C. dactylon, I.cylindrica, P australis, and S. aegyptica were surrounded by about same species (aggregated species). Whereas C. spinosa, P. farcta and L. shawii and S. halepanse surrounded by different species (segregated species), which dependent on abundance values for each one. Sample of soil have been taken under the same plants in six replications. The control soil samples were taken from the spaces between the plants. pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and organic matter (OM) were measured. The results showed that pH under L. shawii and C. dactylon gave closed value and had significant difference with the rest of species. The electrical conductivity was found to be closed value C. spinosa and S. bicolor with each other and the values of low in significant difference with the rest of the target species. Control treatments is significantly different from other in organic matter.