Chemotaxonomical study of the genera Brunnera (Schenk) Jonston,Choriantha H.Rirdel., Cynoglossum Mill., Solenanthus Ledeb. & Symphytum (Boiss.) L. (Boraginaceae) in Kurdistan region of Iraq by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Abstract

In the present study, seven of the phenolic compounds, in seven plant species within five genera of the Boraginaceae family have been identified which were (Brunnera orientalis (Schenk) Jonston., Choriantha popoviana H., Cynoglossum creticum Mill, Solenanthus circinnatus Ledeb, Solenanthus stamineus Defed, Symphytum kurdicum Boiss and Symphytum tuberosum L.). were studied in order to important the phenolic profile. The chemical composition of these species were examined for the content of the following phenolic compounds:Caffeic acid , Estragole,2-6Dimethyl phenol, Coumaric acid, Eugenol,Salicylic acid, and P-Cresol, by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The results showed that the most abundant phenolic acids were: Coumaric acid and Salicylic acid which were found in all the studied taxa, followed by Caffeic acid was absent from Brunnera orientalis and Solenanthus circinnatus while Eugenol was absent just from Symphytum kurdicum Boiss and Symphytum tuberosum L. , also 2-6Dimethyl phenol was absent from Choriantha popoviana and Cynoglossum creticum, whereas the less prevalent phenolic compounds were Estragole(4- Allyl anisole) and P-Cresol which found in just two of the studied taxa (the first found in Solenanthus stamineus and Symphytum tuberosum L. while the second one found in Choriantha popoviana H. and Symphytum kurdicum Boiss. ). The different distribution for the presence of phenolic compounds in different species was of benefit taxonomic value and can be used to enhance taxonomic studies to isolate and identify plant and do not less important as other taxonomic studies the present study regards as the first study of these Boraginaceae family genera in Iraq.