Investigation of the fungi adherent to Black Cumin seed ( Nigella sativa L. ) and their effects on germination seed

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the fungi adherent to black cumin seed and to determine their existence using two methods , namely :the agar plate and the dilution cultures spectrum and to test the disease infected power of some of the major fungi. The isolation and diagnosis results of the black cumin seed samples taken from various geographical locations including the location of the college of agriculture –baghdad university and that of the collage of science diyala university and the local markets at almiqdadia , baquba and baqhdad location regarding 18 fungi types revealed that the fungi belong to (9) genera. The most frequent types were : Aspergillus, Penicillium Alternaria . Cladosporium ,Fusarium , Ulociadium ,Rhizoctonia ,Stemphyllium and Chaetomium . with afrequency of 9.5% , 4% , 1,75% , 2.5% , 0.5% , 0.5% , 0.25% , 0.25% , 0.25% respectively on they appear in most of the seed samples investigated . It is confirened that the disease infection abilities of the isolated fungi caused a significant reduction of the germination percentages as range from 9,13% - 56.66% compared with the control treatment 76.5% . it is apparent that the field fungi F.lateritium , F.solani and Rhizoctonia sp. Caused a significant effects on decreasing germination percentages and seedling infection as range from 32.40% , 31.94% and 7.87 % compared with the control the treatment 83.33 respectively