أثر وكالة ناسا الفضائية في سباق الفضاء (1958-1975)

Abstract

تناول موضوع البحث اثر وكالة ناسا الفضائية في سباق الفضاء الذي انطلق فعلياً ورسمياً بأطلاق صاروخاً يحمل كرة من الالمنيوم اطلق عليه اسم سبوتنيك-1(Sputnik-1) وتعني باللغة الروسية رفيق السفر في الرابع من تشرين الاول من العام 1957 من لدن الاتحاد السوفيتي ليدور حول الارض محققاً بذلك تفوق على الولايات المتحدة الاميركية خلال الحرب الباردة بين البلدين.The Soviet Union opened the space race by launching on October 14, 1957 an intercontinental ballistic missile called Sputnik-1 to achieve a technological advantage over the United States of America. The administration of the US President Eisenhower was quick to respond to this step by launching a similar missile into space, which he called the Explorer-1 on December 31, 1958 Not only that, but President Eisenhower rushed to establish a civil space agency representing the American space project, which he called the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and abbreviated NASA on October 1, 1958. From that time on, the competition between the two forces took on a technical and military space until the year 1975. The research section was divided into three axes: the first axis dealt with the American-Soviet rivalry between1958-1964, the second confronted the space race that led the Americans to reach the moon (1964-1969), and the third axis followed the Apollo-Soyuz project (1972-1975). The research reached several conclusions, the most important of which are: The Eisenhower administration contained the Sputnik-1 crisis by developing a number of plans to alleviate the anger of the American public by establishing a special agency to manage the American space project called NASA in 1958, and NASA was able in 1969 to launch the Apollo flight -11 led by Armstrong, Aldrin, Collins and their arrival to the moon by a blow that ended the space race by placing the American flag on the moon, announcing the end of the 13-year race between the United States and the Soviet Union.