Haibat K. Mohammadali
(مجلة الفتح للعلوم التربوية والنفسية, 2006)
Let R be a commutative ring with identity, and M be a unitary R
module. A proper submodule N of an R-module M is called an
essential if ( ) 0 N K Ç ¹ for each non-zero submodule K of M, and a
proper submodule L of ...